Development of Medical Capabilities and Technologies for Health Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Treatment during Human Exploration Spaceflight

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Development of Medical Capabilities and Technologies for Health Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Treatment during Human Exploration Spaceflight

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Deep space exploration missions to the Moon and ultimately Mars will present unprecedented challenges for supporting astronaut health and performance. "[The] assumption [heretofore] has been that risk of vehicle system malfunction far outweighs the risk of human system failure… [Therefore], NASA buys down the risk of failure of the human system through rigorous selection of individuals designed to minimize medical issues and optimize available capability in flight" (1). Justifiably, medical conditions have not been a primary driver of risk in the last half-century of human spaceflight experience conducted primarily within the confines of low Earth orbit (LEO).

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