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Planar Lightguide Circuits: An Emerging Market for Refractive Index Profile Analysis

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Planar Lightguide Circuits: An Emerging Market for Refractive Index Profile Analysis

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  • Author: Alain Pham
Over the past decade, optical waveguide components (OWC) in various materials have become available from a variety of manufacturers and vendors worldwide. These OWCs, which are now being deployed in commercial systems, can be active devices, such as advanced transmitters and modulators used in fiberoptic-based CATV and long-haul telecommunications systems, or passive devices, such as phase-arrays (phasars), Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switches, etc. The devices are based on planar optical waveguides, in which light is confined to substrate-surface channels and routed onto the chip. These channels are typically less than 10 microns across and are patterned using microlithography techniques. With appropriate optical circuits based on these channel guides, both passive functions (i.e. power splitting from one to several channels) and active functions (i.e. modulation) can be performed on the light.

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