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Optical Communication Photodiodes and Receivers

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Optical Communication Photodiodes and Receivers

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Photodiodes are semiconductor devices responsive to high energy particles and photons. Photodiodes operate by absorption of photons or charged particles and generate a flow of current in an external circuit, proportional to the incident power. Planar diffused silicon photodiodes are P-N junction diodes. A P-N junction can be formed by diffusing either a P-type impurity, such as Boron, into a N-type bulk or epitaxial silicon wafer, or a N-type impurity, such as Phosphorus, into a P-type bulk or epitaxial wafer. The diffused area defines the photodiode active area. To form an ohmic contact, another impurity diffusion into the backside of the wafer is necessary.

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