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Silicon Wafer Production

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Silicon Wafer Production

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Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth’s crust (oxygen is the first). It occurs naturally in silicate (Si-O containing) rocks and sands. The elemental silicon used in semiconductor device manufacture is produced from high purity quartz and quartzite sands, which contain relatively few impurities. Electronic grade silicon, the name used for the grade of silicon employed in semiconductor device manufacture, is the product of a chain of processes beginning with the conversion of quartz or quartzite sand to “metallurgical grade silicon” (MG-Si), in an electric arc furnace according to the chemical reaction.

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