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Sensitive red protein calcium indicators for imaging neural activity

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Sensitive red protein calcium indicators for imaging neural activity

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  • Author: Hod Dana, Boaz Mohar, Yi Sun, Sujatha Narayan, Andrew Gordus, Jeremy P Hasseman, Getahun Tsegaye, Graham T Holt, Amy Hu, Douglas S Kim
Genetically-encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) enable non-invasive measurement of neuronal activity in vivo. Activity can be tracked across multiple spatial scales, from synapses (Chen et al., 2013b) to populations of thousands of neurons (Ahrens et al., 2013; Peron et al., 2015). Neuronal dynamics can be probed over times of milliseconds (Chen et al., 2013a; O'Connor et al., 2013; Li et al., 2015) to months (Huber et al., 2012; Margolis et al., 2012). Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based GECIs (Tian et al., 2009; Akerboom et al., 2012; Ohkura et al., 2012; Chen et al., 2013b), such as GCaMP6 (Chen et al., 2013b), are widely used for imaging neural activity. GCaMP6 indicators exhibit excellent signal-to-noise ratio, allowing detection of single action potentials (APs) in many situations (Chen et al., 2013b; Peron et al., 2015).

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