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Real-time phase tracking for wide-band optical frequency measurements at the 20th decimal place

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Real-time phase tracking for wide-band optical frequency measurements at the 20th decimal place

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  • Author: M. Giunta, W. Hänsel, M. Fischer, M. Lezius, T. Udem, and R. Holzwarth
Optical frequency measurements are among the most precise tools available to science. With the rapid advances in optical clocks now achieving a low 10−17 stability at 1 s and averaging down to the 10−19 level in a few hundred seconds, real-time sensing of subtle phenomena becomes essential. To render possible such measurements, we introduce real-time optical phase tracking with ultra-low-noise frequency combs as a fundamental means to constantly monitor frequency offsets. This enables the characterization of optical frequency synthesis with stability and accuracy at the 20th decimal place within a measurement time of <100 s.

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