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Relative Illumination, Roll-Off, and Vignetting

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Relative Illumination, Roll-Off, and Vignetting

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One issue that often arises is the ability of an imaging lens to support certain sensor sizes. If a sensor is too large for the lens design, the image may appear to degrade or fade towards the edges; this effect is caused by vignetting. As resolution demands increase, one of two things must happen: pixel size must decrease, or sensor size must increase. Explained in The Airy Disk and Diffraction Limit and The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) on the diffraction limit and MTF, continuous reduction in pixel size creates issues with the optics’ ability to resolve true detail. This concern, along with an increased signal-to-noise ratio, and the sensitivity issues associated with current sensor technology, results in sensor sizes increasing.

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