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Every photon counts

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Every photon counts

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An increasing number of consumer devices are incorporating more advanced biometric monitoring capabilities. What started out with fitness bands worked its way to smart watches, rings, patches, and earbuds. The technology behind heart rate sensors is called photoplethysmography (PPG). PPG is an optical measurement technique used to detect blood volume changes in living tissues. A PPG sensor requires few optoelectronics components: a light source, typically a light-emitting-diode (LED), a photodetector (PD) to track the variation in detected light intensity due to the blood volume change and an analog front-end (AFE) circuit for signal conditioning and processing.

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